That fix has been included since Racket 8.5, so it is definitely in 8.13.
The symptoms you are seeing can have many different root causes.
As @jbclements noted, a Racket 8.13 installation should never use https:://download.racket-lang-org/releases/8.7/catalog: quite aside from the network issues, that source would provide packages for the 8.7 release, not 8.13.
It would help to see the result of the following commands:
philip@bastet:~$ racket --version
Welcome to Racket v8.13 [cs].
philip@bastet:~$ raco pkg config catalogs
https://download.racket-lang.org/releases/8.13/catalog/
https://pkgs.racket-lang.org
https://planet-compats.racket-lang.org
It might also help to share the contents of the file config.rktd in the directory returned by (find-system-path 'config-dir).